Abstract::
Silicon Nanowires (SiNWs), a novel category of nanomaterials, exhibit several outstanding
properties, including superior transistor performance, quantum tunneling effects, and
remarkable electrical and optical capabilities. These properties are expected to contribute significantly
to the development of future nanodevices, such as sensors and optoelectronic components.
The potential for device miniaturization with SiNWs is based on their ease of monocrystallization.
This leads to a reduced rate of hole-electron complexes and their extensive specific
surface area that promotes boundary effects, thereby diminishing conductivity. Characterized by
unique structural attributes, SiNWs hold promise for a wide range of applications in various
sectors. To date, multiple methods have been established for SiNW fabrication, including solgel,
electrochemical, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition, and thermal vapor deposition
techniques. Subsequently, the focus has shifted to the application of SiNWs in electronics, energy,
and biomedicine. SiNWs are instrumental in producing high-performance electronic devices,
such as field-effect transistors, sensors, and memory units. They also exhibit outstanding photovoltaic
properties, making them suitable for high-efficiency solar cell and photocatalyst production.
Additionally, SiNWs are poised to make significant contributions to biomedicine, particularly
in biosensors, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering materials. This article provides
a concise review of the current status of SiNWs in electronics, sensing devices, and solar cell
applications, and their roles in high-performance transistors, biosensors, and solar cells. It concludes
with an exploration of the challenges and prospects for SiNWs.
In summary, the unique attributes of SiNWs establish them as a versatile nanomaterial with
broad applicability. This review offers a comprehensive overview of SiNW research and theoretical
insights that may guide similar studies. The insights into recent SiNW research presented
here are intended to inform future applications and investigations involving these nanomaterials.